World War I Read online

  Ludendorff offensives (1918) 42 map, 43, 45

  Lutsk 35

  Lys River 43

  Macedonia 4

  machine guns 10, 11, 18, 33

  Marne

  battle of (1918) 8 map, 8–9, 8–10

  second battle of (1918) 44, 44, 47

  Marne River 8, 46

  Masurian Lakes, battle of 13, 13

  Megiddo, battle of 22

  Mesopotamia 21, 21 map

  Metz 49

  Meuse-Argonne 46, 47

  Meuse River 48

  Mexico 39

  Middle East 20, 21, 21 map, 32

  mines 24

  Mishitch, Zhivoin 14

  Moltke, Helmuth von 6–7, 9, 53

  Mons 48

  Moscow 41, 41

  mustard gas 37

  naval warfare 24–25, 25 map

  Near East 21, 21 map

  Neptune, H.M.S. 7

  Netherlands 6

  Neuilly 50

  Neuve-Chapelle 28, 31

  New York City 51

  New Zealand 16, 33

  Nicolas II 11, 35, 35–36, 39–40, 53

  Nivelle, Robert 36–37

  North Sea 25, 25 map

  Noyon-Montdidier 43

  oilfields 21

  Oise Valley 43

  Orkney 48

  Ostend 49

  Ottoman Empire 4, 16, 21

  Palestine 20, 21

  Paris 6

  Passchendaele 38, 39, 39

  Pershing, John 46–47, 47, 53

  Pétain, Philippe 36–37, 53

  Petrograd 40–41

  Piave River 10

  Pilditch, P.H. 44

  poison gas 28–29, 44

  Poland 40, 41

  prisoners of war (POWs) 13, 46

  Prussia 11

  Prut River 35

  Reims 37, 44

  Remarque, Erich 29

  Rennenkampf, Pavel 11, 13

  reparations 50

  Romania 4, 14

  Rothschild, Lord (Lionel) 20

  Royal Air Force (RAF) 26

  Royal Navy 7, 33

  Russia

  armed forces comparative strength (1914) 5, 35

  Brest-Litovsk, Treaty of 40

  casualties on Eastern front (1914) 13

  in Central Powers 4–5

  Cossaks in 12

  Eastern front 9, 16

  as empire 4, 12

  German campaigns (1917-18) 38, 40 map

  naval war/comparative strength 20, 24

  postwar Europe 51

  prisoners of war 13

  revolution of 1918 41

  surrender of troops 34, 40

  war plans (1914) 6

  St. Germain, Treaty of 50

  St. Mihiel 46 map, 46–47, 47

  St. Petersburg 40

  St. Quentin 48

  Salonika 4, 14–15, 15 map

  Samsonov, Alexander 11, 13

  Sanders, Liman von 16

  Sarikamish, battle of 20

  Scapa Flow 48

  Scheer, Reinhard 25

  Schlieffen, Alfred von 6

  Schlieffen Plan 6, 6 map, 6–9

  Sedan 47, 49

  Serbia

  Archduke assassination 7

  armed forces comparative strength (1914) 5

  Balkan question 4–5

  declaration of war against 7–8

  military campaign against 14–15, 15, 15 map

  Short 184 (aircraft) 26

  SIA 7 (aircraft) 26

  Soissons 36–37

  Somme, battle of the 29, 32–33, 32–33, 33 map, 42, 43, 44, 45

  South Africa 22, 22, 33

  Stalin, Joseph 41

  submarines 24, 24, 25, 38

  Suez canal 21, 21

  Switzerland 10

  Syria 22

  tanks 37, 44, 49

  Tannenberg, battle of 13

  Tigris (river) 21

  Togoland 22

  torpedoes 24

  treaties and pacts

  Brest-Litovsk 40

  St. Germain 50

  Trianon 50

  Versailles 50

  trench warfare 9–11, 10, 13, 28, 36

  Trentino campaign 19 map

  Trianon, Treaty of 50

  Triple Alliance 5

  Triple Entente 5, 5

  Trotsky, Leon 41, 41

  Turkey

  armed forces comparative strength (1914) 5

  armistice 49–50

  Gallipoli defense 16, 17

  Middle Eastern front 20–21, 21

  navy comparative strength 24

  postwar Europe 51

  Ukraine 40, 41

  United States

  air force comparative strength (1914-1918) 27

  American Expeditionary Force 46–47, 47

  casualties on Western front 46

  entry into war (1917) 38–39

  naval war/comparative strength 24, 25, 39

  Verdun

  allied offensive (1918) 47–48

  battle of (1916) 29–32, 30, 30 map, 34

  casualties at 31

  Versailles, Treaty of 50

  Vimy Ridge 37

  Vittorio Veneto campaign 19 map

  Western Front

  Allied offensives/victory 28–29, 29 map, 42–43, 43, 45, 45 map

  ceasefire positions 49 map

  German offensives 34, 42 map

  trench warfare 10, 11, 11 map, 34, 36

  Wilhelm II 4, 7, 53

  Wilson, Woodrow 39, 50, 50, 53

  Ypres

  Allied offensive (1918) 48

  casualties (1915) 31

  Ludendorff offensive (1918) 43

  poison gas use (1915) 28–29

  third battle of (1917) 39, 39, 39 map

  trench warfare at (1915) 10

  Yugoslavia 51

  Zeppelin (German airship) 26, 26